Linux 常用命令英文全称


pwd: print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
ps: process status 进程状态 类似于windows的任务管理器
常用参数 - auxf
ps -auxf 显示进程状态
df: disk free  显示磁盘可用空间数目信息 空间结点信息  就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中 还剩多少自由的空间
du: Disk usage
rpm 即RedHat Package Management 是RedHat的发明之一
rmdir Remove Directory 删除目录
rm Remove 删除目录或文件
cat: concatenate 连锁
cat file1file2>>file3 把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
insmod: install module,载入模块
ln -s : link -soft 创建 软链接 相当于创建 快捷方式
mkdir Make Directory 创建目录
touch: touch
man: Manual
su Swith user 切换用户
cd Change directory
ls List files
ps Process Status
mkdir Make directory
rmdir Remove directory
mkfs: Make file system
fsck File system check
uname: Unix name
lsmod: List modules
mv: Move file
rm: Remove file
cp: Copy file
ln: Link files
fg: Foreground
bg: Background
chown: Change owner
chgrp: Change group
chmod: Change mode
umount: Unmount
dd:  应根据其功能描述 Convert an copy 命名为 cc 但 cc 已经被用 CComplier  所以命名为 dd
tar Tape archive  磁带档案
ldd List dynamic dependencies
insmod Install module
rmmod Remove module
lsmod List module
文件结尾的 rc  如.bashrc、.xinitrc等  Resource configuration
Knnxxx /Snnxxx 位于rcx.d目录下  K Kill ;S Service ;nn 执行顺序号 ;xxx 服务标识
.a 扩展名a  Archive static library
.so 扩展名so  Shared object dynamically linked library
.o 扩展名o  Object file complied result of C/C++ source file
RPM Red hat package manager
dpkg Debian package manager
apt Advanced package tool Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供  
其他 Linux 命令缩写
bin = Binaries  二进制文件
/dev = Devices  设备
/etc = Etcetera  等等
/lib = LIBrary
/proc = Processes
/sbin = Superuser Binaries  超级用户的二进制文件
/tmp = Temporary  临时
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/var = Variable  变量
FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS= Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader
MySQL = My 是最初作者女儿的名字
SQL = Structured QueryLanguage
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language” 实际的抽取和报告语言  =”Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”
Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python’s Flying Circus
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = “a patchy” server
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
ar = archiver
as = assembler
awk = “Aho Weiberger and Kernighan”三个作者的姓的第 字母
bash = Bourne Again SHell
bc = Basic  Better  Calculator
bg = BackGround
biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗 喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫
cal = Calendar  日历
cat = Catenate  链接
cd = Change Directory
chgrp = Change Group
chmod = Change Mode
chown = Change Owner
chsh = Change Shell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture
comm = common
cp = Copy
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cron = Chronos 希腊文时间
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump  磁盘转储
df = Disk Free
diff = Difference
dmesg = diagnostic message
du = Disk Usage
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute  执行
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
groff = GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe’s Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses
ln = Link
lpr = Line PRint
ls = list
lsof = LiSt Open Files
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = Make Node
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
mv = Move
nano = Nano’s ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nohup = No HangUP
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = Passwd
pg = pager
pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor
pine = “Program for Internet News &Email” = “Pine is not Elm”
ping = 拟声 又 = Packet Internet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = Print Formatted
ps = Processes Status
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory
rc = runcom = run command, rc 还是 plan9的shell
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager
rsh, rlogin, rvim中的
r = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
seamoneky = 我
sed = Stream Editor
seq = SEQuence
shar = Shell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure Shell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersion
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
tee = T  T形水管接口
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tex = τέχνη的缩写 希腊文art
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom’s Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User’s LIMIT
umask = User’s MASK
uniq = UNIQue
i = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved
wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler
Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell
su = Switch User
MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation